《美国语文常青藤版（套装共5册）（常青藤名校校长精编通识教育读本）》 - 埃德温·埃尔德曼主编，朱生豪等译 - Meg Book Store

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『簡體書』美国语文常青藤版（套装共5册）（常青藤名校校长精编通识教育读本）

書城自編碼： 2935343
分類：簡體書→大陸圖書→中小學教輔→中小学阅读
作者：埃德温·埃尔德曼主编，朱生豪等译
國際書號(ISBN)： 9787D24144563
出版社：古吴轩出版社
出版日期： 2016-12-01
版次： 1 印次： 1
頁數/字數： 1296/415000
書度/開本： 16开釘裝：平装

售價：HK$ 264.6

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編輯推薦：

【常青藤版】美国中小学通识教育读本，一生必读一次，有效提升孩子的英文综合素养，常青藤名校校长精选精编，名家名作，原版插图，全套5册，配有练习，原汁原味呈现英文之美和社会文化。
★常青藤版美国语文
美国著名教育学家主编，符合儿童身心发展规律，让每个年龄阶段的孩子都会感兴趣
★适合青少年的名作
汇聚诸多重量级文学大家笔下专为青少年阅读创作的作品，优美、易读。
★学习性阅读的经典
在英语语言运用方面，本套书是学习英语、了解美式思维的*好选择，书中有一些系统的语言学习建议，并配有练习，能有效地提升读者的英文素养。

內容簡介：

本套书以常用单词为基础，用富有表现力的方式呈现出一个个色彩斑斓的故事，从经典神话、自然研究、诗歌、冒险故事、历史故事等几个方面由浅入深的名家推荐阅读篇目中，给语言学习者做了系统的学习规划，引导读者在阅读中感受美国社会习俗，扩充知识面。

關於作者：

埃德温埃尔德曼（Edwin Alderman, 1861-1931），美国著名教育家、教育改革家。他曾担任弗吉尼亚大学校长长达25年之久，并在美国教育改革期间，为中小学生精编了这一套美国语文教材。
因毕生致力于教育改革，是美国进步时代（Progressive Era）的标志性人物，埃德温埃尔德曼去世的时候，美国总统胡佛发来悼词，表示遗憾。普策利奖得主杜马斯马龙（Dumas Malone）曾为埃德温埃尔德曼撰写传记。

內容試閱：

推荐序一
李江月 | 伊利诺斯大学PHD，湖北省高考作文满分获得者

我在美国留学的时候，不仅要承担繁重的学习任务，还要传道授业，帮自己的导师们带本科新生。那时候我就经常想，要是有一套全新的教材，难度适中，学生和教师都能在书中获得营养，让来自中国的学生既能学习原汁原味的地道的美式英语，又能对自己所学的专业有所帮助，还能和各个领域的大咖们谈笑风生，打破很多美国人觉得中国人就是书呆子的刻板印象，那该多好啊！

这部千呼万唤始出来的《美国语文》丛书，解决了大家英语学习和教学的需求。每一篇课文都有精美的翻译，译文都做到了信达雅，读起来让人感觉如沐春风，甚至有时候让人感动，让学习英语这个看上去很繁重很枯燥的历程充满了惊喜。

众所周知，英语是不断变化的语言，也许需要每个学习者终身不断地学习。本套书的英文原版，是由常青藤名校校长精编精选，汇集了许多名家的经典之作，所以我们每一位读者，不仅是学生，还包括老师和家长，都能在这样美妙的阅读中感受到自己的进步，得到切切实实的满足感。这些美丽的体验，是市面上一般读物难以给予我们的。

相比很多所谓高屋建瓴的语言学著作，这部丛书经历了实践的考验，是一部非常亲民和接地气的青少年读物，也是家长和老师很好的帮手。

很多时候，因为应试教育的需求，同学们不得不死记硬背许多文学大家的作品，但是他们并不理解这些作品。于是，虽然短期内成绩提高了，却在成年后丧失了对文学的爱好和学习的欲望。不论在中国还是美国，总能看到这样令人遗憾的现象。对此，我们觉得很可惜，学习文学本来应该是一种乐趣，而不应该是一种负担。我们希望孩子们开心地学，家长们愉快地陪伴他们学习，老师们欣喜地发现孩子们的进步，而不是扼杀他们的兴趣，阻碍他们进一步追求知识的脚步。

我们知道，很多文学大师虽然不是专门的儿童作家，但是他们并不是没有给孩子写过作品。本套书的一大亮点就是集结了很多大家笔下从未被翻译成汉语的遗珠之作在各领域专门为孩子创作的作品。通过阅读本套书，孩子们能在书中了解到许多新奇的知识，坐在家里就环游世界，也为未来的学习打下扎实的基础。

本书主编埃德温埃尔德曼先生，用他的智慧和孜孜不倦的努力，代替了我们在文山书海的盲目搜寻，就像我们的另一双眼睛，带我们遨游浩瀚的书海，获取人类文明的精华。

一言以蔽之，这套丛书是我用过的最好的美国语文学习、教学的教材，既可以用来自学，也可以用到课堂上。特此，我将这部丛书诚挚推荐给大家。让我们一起在《美国语文》的海洋里自由地冲浪吧！

推荐序二
曹海元 |MIT PHD

迄今为止，阅读一直是我最大的爱好，而在现今残存的记忆里，我最早读到可以真正称得上书的，正是父亲给我的那套页面泛黄的《上下五千年》。我在脑海里至今仍旧清晰地记得那套书的封面，茕茕孑立的烽火台，赭红的城楼，残阳如血。华夏五千年那时而诡谲绵密时而波澜壮阔的历史也随着作者娓娓道来的小故事，奔涌到我充满好奇的内心，溅起了一片片波澜。虽然以我当时的阅历和见识无法理解许多深奥的名词和藏在历史故事背后深刻的道理，但是那套书唤起了我内心对于知识的渴望。阅读让我得以坐上时光机，身临其境般在华夏文明的浩瀚长河中自由穿梭，在我的心中种下了星星之火。正是这些星星点点的火种，照亮了我内心通往知识殿堂的道路，让阅读成了我生命中最大的乐趣，从而造就了我今天这副模样。

《上下五千年》那套书在我如今看来，也许简陋不堪，只是一些历史小故事汇编，但在当年那个懵懂少年看来却已然是通往圣杯的指路明灯。如今这套《美国语文》无论从文章的文学艺术性、选材的宽泛多样性来说，还是从编排的科学合理性上来看，都要遥遥领先。阅读这套书的少年从中可以先领略中世纪灿若星河的文艺复兴，再遇见近现代疾风怒涛般的工业革命；可以先认识一生锋芒毕露最后却功亏一篑的拿破仑，再偶遇始终沉默寡言却在危难之际挽大厦于将倾的华盛顿。从弗吉尼亚的崎岖山岭到欧亚大陆的广袤平原，短短千言却包罗万象、荟萃乾坤，包含了世界历史、地理、博物、人物、传奇、诗歌等领域的精华。在我看来，如果说《上下五千年》只是星星点点的火苗，那么这套《美国语文》则是那光芒四射的火炬。我想读者尤其是那些处于学习阶段的青少年，必然可以像当年的我那样，从这套书中找到点燃自己心中火种的火焰，照亮通往圣杯的道路。

最后，用我最爱的诗歌《伊萨卡岛》中的一句话来结尾当你启程，前往伊萨卡岛时，愿你的道路漫长，充满奇迹，充满发现。这也是我对所有有幸读到这套丛书的读者的祝福。我想说的就这么多了，希望我无知和浅薄的序言不会让这套书的光芒逊色。

Preface

The classics presented in this volume have been selected from the standard literature of today and carefully arranged and graded to meet the mental development of pupils. In making these selections, great care has been taken to choose only those which are in themselves bright and attractive, and upon subjects of interest to children. Equal care has been taken to use only such as are written in words that come within the childs vocabulary and in a simple style, with no involved thought or difficult sentence structure. These selections may be classified as follows：
Legends
History and Biography
Fairy Tales
Story and Adventure
Stories of Animal Life
Poems of the Seasons
Miscellaneous Poems
Descriptions of People and Homes of Other Lands

This reader is based upon the vocabulary of the two books of the series which precede it. New words not found in the vocabularies of those two books are placed in word lists at the head of the chapter where they first occur. In schools where reading is taught either by the word or the sentence method, this arrangement is necessary. In schools where the phonic method has been used, it is equally valuable, because a previous study of the new word gives him that confidence without which no child can read with expression.

It is desirable, therefore, not only that real literature should be given him, but that the name and a few facts about the author should be associated with each selection. For this reason, a brief, interesting note about the author and his works will be found at the close of each selection. These biographical sketches are written in the vocabulary of this book and are to be studied by the class. In addition to the selections given, other stories or poems by the same author, suitable for reading by pupils, are suggested.

At frequent intervals through the volume, language lessons are given which furnish a systematic language drill, without any attempt whatever to teach technical grammar. The suggestions of each language lesson should not be limited in application to the story under which it is found, but should be judiciously used by teachers as an exercise with other reading lessons.

Grateful acknowledgment is made to publishers whose kindness has permitted us to use copyrighted material. In most instances special acknowledgments are made in connection with the selection and in the biographical sketch of the author. Among those not included in this way are： Thinking Only of Myself, by Hezekiah Butterworth, published by Dana Estes and Company; To Thomas Archer, by Robert Louis Steven-son, and Motos Elephant Hunt by Henry M. Stanley, both published by Charles Scribners Sons, and School in the Philippine Islands, by Adeline Knapp, published by Silver, Burdett and Company.

前言

本书中的经典篇目选自现当代的文学杰作，所有文章均经过精心编排和分级，符合学生心灵发展的规律。在收录过程中，我们侧重挑选基调明快、有吸引力的文章，所选作品的主题都是孩子们感兴趣的。另外，我们同样重视文章的语言和用词，比如本册选文中运用的词汇都是孩子们常用的，语言风格简单明了。所选篇目没有复杂的观点，也不采用难以理解的句式结构。本书所选篇目大致可分为以下几类：
传奇
历史与自传
童话故事
历险故事
动物的生活
咏叹四季
杂诗
异域生活
本书读者应具备本系列书第一、二册的词汇基础。当本册中首次出现前两册图书中未学过的新单词，将以列表形式呈现在每章的开头。学校的阅读教学通常从教授单词或分析句子入手，所以单词表十分重要。在学校的阅读教学中，还常常使用发音法，这种方法也同样重要，因为预习过新单词的学生能更加自信且富有感情地朗读课文。

我们希望学生们能通过每一篇文章接触真正的文学，同时也能对作者有一些了解，包括作者的名字以及其他信息。所以，我们在每篇文章的末尾都会对作者进行简短有趣的介绍。作者简介会保持本书一贯的语言风格，学生们可以在课堂上学到有关作者的知识。除了本书收录的选篇外，我们还推荐了每位作者创作的其他适合学生阅读的小说或诗歌。

在本书中，每隔几篇选文会插一节语言课。语言课旨在提供系统的语言练习，但它不是专门的语法教学。建议教师在每节语言课上，不需要局限于课程下面的练习题，还可以选择其他文章，自行安排练习内容。

最后要向出版商表示深深的感谢，他们善意地给我们提供了读物的版权。我们要特别感谢那些为本书内容以及作者简介做出贡献的人。除此之外，我们也感谢以其他方式支持本书的单位。他们是：达纳埃斯蒂斯公司，他们提供了希西家巴特沃斯的作品《怎能只想着自己》；查尔斯斯克里布纳家族出版公司，他们提供了罗伯特路易斯斯蒂文森的《致托马斯阿切尔的一封信》和亨利莫顿斯坦利的《莫托的大象狩猎之旅》；西尔弗伯德特公司，他们提供了艾德林纳普的《菲律宾群岛上的学校》。

课文
Children in Japan

If you wish to see the children of Japan, let us take a little walk. We pass through a street shaded by cherry trees, and soon reach a temple. Here are pretty grounds with many trees. The grounds are filled with children at play, and women talking.

The women carry their babies with them. Each little one is tied in a fold of his mothers loose coat, or gown, and carried on her back. It is in such a place that all babies live in Japan.

If the mother is busy indoors, the baby is fastened on the back of an older brother or sister.

Sometimes this brother or sister is but little older than the baby. We shall see hundreds of children not more than five or six years of age, carrying, on their small shoulders, the baby of the house.

The baby is often fast asleep, and his tiny, smooth, brown head swings here and there with every movement of his small nurse.

The nurse walks, runs, sits, and jumps, fly kites, plays hopscotch, and fishes for frogs, never thinking whether the baby is sleeping or waking.

The little boys and girls of Japan are gentle in manners, and look very pretty in their wide sleeves and flowing kimonos. They have pretty feet and hands, and bead-like black eyes, which look at you without fear or shyness.

The children have their own holidays. The third day of the third month is the yearly holiday for all little girls. Then everybody buys for them toys like the things in their houses.

The great day of the boys falls on the fifth day of the fifth month. Then from the door of every house in which boys have been born during the past seven years, rises a tall bamboo pole.

At the top of the pole float huge fish of all colors mostly purple and gold, and there is one fish for each son in the family.
Edwin Arnold
译文
日本的孩子

如果你想要看看日本的孩子，让我们出去稍微走一走吧。穿过一条樱花树掩映的大街，不久就来到一处庙宇之前的庭院。这里风景优美，树木丰茂。

这片空地上，到处都是嬉戏的孩子和闲谈的妇人。

妇人们是带着娃娃来的。每个小家伙都被绑在妈妈宽松的外衣里或者和服上，让妈妈背着。全日本的娃娃都在这样的环境中生活。

如果日本妈妈在家里忙活，娃娃就会被系在哥哥或姐姐的后背上。

有时候，哥哥或者姐姐只比小娃娃大一点儿。我们能见到数以百计的孩子，他们不过五六岁的年纪，小小的肩膀上背着自己家里的弟弟妹妹。

婴儿小小的、光滑的黄色脑袋，随着这些小保姆的走动摇来摇去，这样他就能迅速入睡。

而这些小小的保姆或走，或跑，或坐，或跳，或放风筝，或跳房子，又或者抓青蛙，从来都不考虑背上的婴儿是醒着还是睡着。

日本的小男孩和小女孩举止彬彬有礼，穿着宽袍大袖的和服，看起来非常可爱。他们的手脚都很美丽，眼睛像黑珠子一般。当他们看着你的时候，目光中既没有羞涩，也没有畏惧。

孩子们也有自己的假期。每年的三月三日，就是小女孩们的节日。在这一天，每个人都会给她们买过家家的玩具。

而对于男孩来说，五月五日是一个盛大的日子。男孩们满七岁之前，每一年的这一天，他出生的那所房子前都要竖起一根高高的竹竿。在竹竿的顶上是大大的彩色鱼旗，旗子的颜色常常是黄紫相间的。家里有一个男孩，就要有一面这样的鱼旗。
（埃德温阿诺德）

作者介绍

1852年，埃德温阿诺德爵士还是牛津大学的学生时，就赢得了伯沙撒的盛宴诗歌奖。他曾游历于印度、日本等东方各国，创作了大量相关作品。他最伟大的诗歌作品是《亚洲之光》。本文《日本的孩子》摘自于《日本植物》一书。该书由查尔斯斯克里布纳家族出版公司在美国出版。

练习
1.用英文写出三月份的第三天。

2.用英文写出五月份的第五天。

课文
A Visit to Venice

Venice, August 13, 1882. Dear Gertie： When the little children in Venice want to take a bath, they just go down to the front steps of the house and jump off, and swim about in the street.

Yesterday I saw a nurse sitting on the front steps, holding one end of a string, and the other end was tied to a little fellow, who was swimming up the street.

When he went too far, the nurse pulled in the string, and got the baby home again.

Then I met another youngster, swimming in the street, whose mother had tied him by the side of the door. When he tried to swim away to see another boy, who was tied to another post up the street, he couldn''t, and they had to call out to each other over the water.

Is not this a queer city?

You are always in danger of running over some of the people and drowning them, for you go about in a boat instead of a carriage, and use an oar instead of a horse. But it is ever so pretty, and the people, especially the children, are very bright, and gay, and handsome.

When you are sitting in your room at night, you hear some music under your window, and look out. There you see a boat in which are a man with a fiddle, and woman with a voice, and they are serenading you.

To be sure, they want some money when they have done, for everybody begs here, but they do it very prettily and are full of fun.

Tell Susie that I did not see the queen this time. She was out of town. But ever so many noblemen and princes have sent to know how Toody was, and how she looked, and I have sent them all her love.

There must be lots of pleasant things to do at Andover, and I think that you must have had a beautiful summer there.

Pretty soon now you will go back to Boston. Do go into my house when you get there, and see if the doll and her baby are well and happybut do not carry them off; and make the music box play a tune, and remember your affectionate uncle.
Philips

译文
威尼斯之旅

亲爱的格蒂：

你肯定想不到，当威尼斯的小孩子想要洗澡的时候，他们只要走下房子前面的台阶，扑通一声跳下去，然后就可以在街上游来游去了。

昨天我看见一位保姆坐在房前的阶梯下，手里抓着一根绳子，绳子的一头系着个小家伙。他正兴高采烈地在街上游泳呢！每次他游远了，保姆就会往回拉绳子，小家伙又回到了家门前。接着我遇见了另外一个在街上游泳的小孩子。母亲把他系在了门边上，他想要游得远一点去看另一个男孩，但做不到。那个男孩和他一样被系在街前方的另一根柱子上。他们毫无办法，只好在水面上叫着对方的名字。这是不是一个很奇怪的城市？

出门的时候，你得摇摇晃晃地乘船，而不是安安稳稳地坐在车厢里；你得学会用桨划船，而不是驾马拉车；总是有可能会撞到什么人，弄不好会导致他溺水。不过，这儿确实非常漂亮，这里的人，特别是孩子，个个聪明英俊，幸福快乐。

晚上你坐在房间里的时候，会听见窗户下响起音乐声。从窗户看出去，你会看见一条小船。一个男人拉着小提琴，一个女人和着音乐歌唱，他们正在为你唱小夜曲。

当然，你得给他们赏点零钱。虽然这里每个人都会乞讨，但他们总能让这乞讨显得有趣优雅。跟苏珊说，我这次没有看到王后，她不在城里。许多王公贵族寄信来问候托蒂，想知道她看起来怎么样，我已经寄了回信，替她表示感谢和爱意。在安多弗肯定有许多愉快的事情值得去做。我想你一定能在那儿度过一个美妙的夏天。

很快你就要回波士顿了。记得到时候一定要到我的家里看看，看看洋娃娃和她的小宝宝是否一切都好（但不可以把她们抢走），你还可以转动音乐盒让它发出美妙的曲调。叔叔永远爱你！
菲利普1882年8月 13日，写于威尼斯
练习

1.学习写信
（1）这封信是在什么地方写的？
（2）这封信是什么时候写的？

2.抄写
（1）Springfield，Massachusetts.
（2）July 2, 1906.

3.按照书信格式改编下文
（1）At Albany, in New York, on the tenth of May, 1905.
（2）In Virginia, at Richmond, September 4, 1899.

To Thomas Archer
Island of Tahiti, November, 1888.
Dear Tom：

This is a much better place for children than any I have hitherto seen in these seas. The girls, and sometimes the boys, play a very grand kind of hopscotch.

The boys play horses just as we do in Europe. They also have very good fun on stilts, trying to knock each other down, in which they do not often succeed.

The children of all ages go to church, and are allowed to do what they please, running about the aisles, rolling balls, stealing mammas bonnet and sitting on it, and at last going to sleep in the middle of the floor.

I forgot to say that the whips to play horse, and the balls to roll about the church grow ready-made on trees. The whips are so good that I wanted to play horse myself; but no such luck! my hair is gray, and I am a great, big, ugly man. The balls are rather hard, but very light and quite round.

But what I really wanted to tell you was this： beside the tree-top toys Hush-a-by, toy shop, on the tree-top!, I have seen some real made toys, the first observed in the South Seas. This was how. You are to think of a four-wheeled gig; one horse; in the front seat two Tahiti persons, in their Sunday clothes, blue coat, white shirt, kilt of blue stuff with big white or yellow flowers, legs and feet bare; in the back seat me and my wife, who is a friend of yours. We have straw hats, for the sun is strong. We drive between the sea and the mountains. The road is cut through a forest mostly of fruit trees. The very creepers are heavy with a great and delicious fruit, bigger than your head and far nicer.

Presently we came to a house in a pretty garden, quite by itself, very nicely kept, the doors and windows open, no one about, and no noise but that of the sea. It looked like a house in a fairy tale. Just beyond we had to ford a river, and there we saw the people.

In the mouth of the river, where it met the sea waves, the children were ducking and bathing and screaming together like a flock of birds： seven or eight little brown boys and girls as happy as the day was long; and on the banks of the stream beside them, real toys- toy ships, full rigged, with their sails set, though they were lying in the dust on their beam ends.

You may care to hear, Tom, about the children in these parts; their parents obey them; they do not obey their parents; and I am sorry to tell you for l dare say you are already thinking the idea a good one that it does not pay one halfpenny.

There are three ways of living, Tom： the real old-fashioned one, in which children had to find out how to please their dear papas, or their dear papas cut their heads off. This style did very well, but is now out of fashion.

Then there is the style that is followed in Europe; in this, children have to behave pretty well, go to school, and so on, or their dear papas will know the reason why. This does fairly well.

Then there is the South Sea Island plan, which does not do one bit. The children beat their parents here; it does not make their parents any better; so do not try it.
Remember us all to all of you, and believe me,
yours,
Robert Louis Stevenson
译文

致托马斯阿切尔的一封信

亲爱的汤姆：

这里真是我迄今见过的海外最适合孩子们生活的地方了。女孩们会玩各种跳房子的游戏，有时候男孩子也会加入她们的游戏。

这里的男孩也像欧洲的男孩们一样，喜欢玩一种叫作骑马的游戏，大家蹦跳着要去撞倒对方，虽然经常徒劳无功，但却乐在其中。

孩子们不论年龄大小都要去教堂，他们在教堂里可以随心所欲：在过道里奔跑，追逐滚来滚去的球，偷拿妈妈的帽子当垫子坐，玩累了就躺在地上睡觉。

我忘了说一件事，孩子们把树枝当作骑马游戏用的鞭子，把树上结的种子当作球在教堂里滚来滚去。那些鞭子简直太棒了，我都忍不住想要玩一玩骑马游戏了。不幸的是，我头发花白，又老又丑，已经成了个大人。那些球全都又坚韧又轻巧，还圆溜溜的。

对了，我想跟你说，包括这些树上结的玩具在内（嘘！听我说，玩具店真的就在树顶上），我曾经还见过真正鬼斧神工的造物。这是我在南太平洋的一个新发现。情景是这样的，你不妨想象一下：一辆四轮马车上，两名身穿周日便服的塔希提人坐在前面，他们上身是白色衬衫加蓝色外套，下身是一条大白花或是大黄花的蓝底苏格兰短裙，光着腿赤着脚；我和我的妻子（她当然也是你的朋友）坐在后面，戴着大大的草帽来遮挡强烈的阳光。

我们驾车奔驰于大海和大山之间，从果树林里穿过。又大又香的果实沉甸甸地挂在攀援植物上。哈哈，这果子绝对比你的头要大，当然也比你的头更好吃！

不久，我们来到一座漂亮的房子那里，房子四周都是花园，非常安静，打理得也很好。我们会把门窗全都打开，周围没有一个人，没有一点喧嚣，只听见海浪轻轻拍打的声音。屋子仿佛置身于童话故事里。我们渡过一条小河，才能看得到人群。

就在这条小河与海洋相汇的河口，孩子们像小鸟一样嬉闹着，他们潜入水中，在河里洗澡，兴奋地尖叫。七八个棕色皮肤的小孩子终日玩耍，非常开心。河岸上，一群小孩子将玩具船驶向河面。这些玩具船像真正的船一样配上索具，扬帆起航，虽然最后它们终将葬身于河底的淤泥。

汤姆，可能你听说过，这里的孩子不听父母的，相反，他们的父母总是听他们的。我不得不遗憾地告诉你（我敢说你一定想听），事实并非如此。

这里有三种教育子女的办法：一种是很传统的方式，孩子们得学会取悦父亲，否则父亲会威胁要砍掉他们的脑袋。这种方式很管用，不过现在已经过时了。

第二种方式在欧洲也很流行。孩子们得好好表现，要么上学，要么干其他的营生，否则父亲非得寻根究底不可。这种方式也很管用。

第三种方式就是这个南太平洋岛屿特有的了，可以说一点用都没有。这里的孩子打自己的父母，这种办法可没有让他们的父母变得更好。因此，你还是不要去尝试这种方法了。

记得代我们全家向你们全家问好！
罗伯特路易斯斯蒂文森
1888年11月，写于塔希提岛
作者介绍

罗伯特路易斯斯蒂文森是苏格兰人。他不顾身体孱弱，经常四处旅行，最后定居于太平洋上的塔希提岛。斯蒂文森先生把孩提时的所思所感、所作所为都写在了《儿童诗园》这本书里。他还专门为孩子们写了《珍宝岛》和《黑箭》这两本书。

课文
Foreign Children

Little Indian, Sioux or Crow,
Little frosty Eskimo,
Little Turk or Japanese,
Oh! Dont you wish that you were me?

You have seen the scarlet trees
And the lions over the seas;
You have eaten ostrich eggs,
And turned the turtles off their legs.

Such a life is very fine,
But its not so nice as mine;
You must often, as you trod,
Have wearied not to be abroad.

You have curious things to eat,
I am fed on proper meat;
You must dwell on beyond the foam,
But I am safe and live at home.

Little Indian, Sioux or Crow,
Little frosty Eskimo,
Little Turk or Japanese,
Oh! Dont you wish that you were me? Robert Louis Stevenson

译文
外国小朋友

印第安小朋友，苏族克罗族小朋友，
满身是雪的因纽特小伙伴，
突厥或日本小伙伴，
噢！难道你们不企盼，成为我这样的小小孩？

你曾见过红树林，
目睹海外雄狮群；
尝过鸵鸟大圆蛋，
翻个乌龟底朝天。

你的生活诚然可贵，
怎及我的生活圆满；
当你迈开脚步，
一定想去国外看看。

你的食物稀奇古怪，
我的食物很是普通；
你住在漂着泡沫的海上，
我的家安安全全。

印第安小朋友，苏族克罗族小朋友，
满身是雪的因纽特小伙伴，
突厥或日本小伙伴，
噢！难道你们不企盼，成为我这样的小小孩？
（罗伯特路易斯斯蒂文森）

课文
School in the Philippine Islands

As I was driving through the city of Manila one day, the coachman suddenly turned around and said, Me study AmericanoAmerican.

What do you study? I asked.

Proudly he drew from his pocket a soiled card. It was an old bill of fare from the leading American restaurant. Then he read aloud, pointing out each word： Ham, potatoes, beefsteak, pork, beans, eggs, etc., and stopped to receive the praise that he knew he deserved. He was asked why he did not go to school.

No time. Must work.

But you could go to night school, I said.

No dineromoney.

It was explained to him that the night school are free, but this was more than he could believe. Then another Filipino, who was a clerk, and who spoke English, explained it to him.

At last he understood the surprising fact, and his face glowed with pleasure. Mucho buena! he exclaimed; mi vamos! Very good! I go!

It is no wonder that the boy found it hard to believe the schools of the Americans free. There had never before been free schools in the islands. There were always pay schools, but the Spanish language was not taught. The children studied their own strange language.

Hundreds of these queer schools are still left. They are to be found in every village. Such a school is nearly always held in the hut of some village dame.

If we were to go into one of these schools, we should find a dozen or more boys and girls lying or sitting on the bamboo floor. They study their lessons at the top of their voices. They do not merely read aloud; they shout.

One little fellow, lying on his back, his feet waving in the air, his tongue rattling off his lesson at full speed and voice, can make a great deal of noise. It is the old story of the pig under a gate： ten such boys can make much more noise than one. So it is never hard to find the village school.

The teacher hears the lessons while she prepares the noonday chow, or lunch, of rice and fish, or puts her house in order, or smokes her long brown cigar.

The only books that they have in these schools are little primers and readers, so the poor children learn very little.

But these children can learn quickly when they are well taught. It is wonderful to note their progress in English. One boy twelve years old, who had been studying English only four months, came to his American teacher one morning. He had in his hand a book that American boys like, Ten Boys on the Road from Long Ago to Now.

Three stories of these I have read, Teacher, and I enjoy them very much, he said. It is good to learn that the Filipino boys hearts are so like our own.
Adeline Knapp

译文
菲律宾群岛上的学校

一天，我正坐车穿过马尼拉市区时，马车夫突然转过身来对我说：我，学，美国话。你学了什么呢？我问道。

他自豪地从口袋中摸出一张脏兮兮的卡片，那是一家知名美国餐馆很早以前的菜单，然后指着上头的单词一个接一个地大声读了起来：火腿、土豆、牛排、猪肉、豆子、鸡蛋随即停下来接受应得的称赞。我问他为什么不去上学。

没有时间。必须工作。

但你可以去上夜校。我说。

没钱。

我向他解释，夜校是免费的，但他全然不信。随后另一个会说英文的菲律宾职员向他解释了此事。

最终他明白了这个惊人的事实，脸上因为喜悦而泛出了红光。他用西班牙语大叫道：太好了！我去！

这孩子不相信美国学校都是免费的也不足为奇。在这片岛屿群上，从来没有过免费学校。这里只有付费学校，而且也不教西班牙语。孩子们学习当地人自己的奇特语言。

数以百计奇特的学校留存至今，每个村庄中都有。课堂总是设在一些乡村妇女的小屋内。

如果我们走进一所此类学校，会发现十几个男孩女孩在竹地板上或躺或坐，用最大的嗓门来读课文。他们已经不只是在大声朗读了，简直是在吼叫。

一个仰面躺着、双脚在空中摆动，并以最快、最大声音背诵着课文的小孩子能制造巨大的噪音。正如两只猪哼哼的声音比一只猪要大，十个这样的男孩比一个吵得多。因此，凭着这样的噪音，找到一所乡村学校并不难。

老师听着课文的时候，用稻米鱼肉准备午餐，或者在收拾屋子，抽着长长的棕色雪茄。

这种学校只有几本入门读物，所以可怜的孩子们没多少东西可学。

但这些儿童只要受到了良好教育，就学得很快，他们在英文上的进步简直不可思议。一天早晨，一位才学了四个月英文的十二岁男孩来找他的美国老师，他手中拿着一本《从古至今的十个小男孩》。这本书美国男孩也喜欢看。

他说：老师，我读了其中的三个故事，都很喜欢。得知这个菲律宾男孩和我们怀有同样的情感，真是一件令人欣慰的事情。
（艾德林克纳普）

课文
The Bazaars of Cairo

The Mooskee is the best known street in Cairo. It is also the only one in the old part of the town which the traveler can find without a guide. It runs straight for a mile, perhaps, and is broad enough for carriages.

A large part of this street is roofed with cane or palm slats. Through these the sun sifts a little light, and the street is cool and pleasant. No other street in the world seems to show so many kinds of people and in no other one can be heard so many languages.

If the Mooskee is crowded, the bazaars are a jam. Things that are wanted are far apart. If one wishes to make two or three purchases, he must use a whole day.

In one quarter are red slippers, nothing but red slippers, hundreds of shops hung with them; the yellow slippers are in another quarter, and by no chance does one merchant keep both kinds.

There are the silk bazaars, the gold bazaars, the silver bazaars, the brass, the arms, the cotton, the spice, and the fruit bazaars.

And what is a bazaar? Merely a lane, roofed with matting it may be, on each side of which are little shops, not much bigger than a dry-goods box. Often there is a story above, with hanging balconies and latticed windows.

On the ledge of his shop the merchant, in fine robes of silk and linen, sits cross-legged, perhaps smoking. He sits all day sipping coffee and talking with his friends. At the time of prayer, he spreads his prayer-carpet in public, and says his prayers.

On the other side of the street is a shop where three men sit cross-legged, making cashmere shawls by piecing old bits of India scarfs.

On the next corner is a public fountain, and over it is heard the studying of a school. It is a boys school, and both the master and the pupils are sitting on the floor.

Each pupil has before him his lesson written on a wooden tablet, and this he is reading at the top of his voice. He commits his lesson to memory, all the time swaying backwards and forwards.

With twenty boys shouting together, the noise is heard above all the sounds of the street. If a boy looks off or stops reciting, the stick of the schoolmaster sets him going again.

The boys learn first the alphabet, then the ninety-nine names of God. They next take up the Koran. This they learn chapter by chapter. If the boy needs writing and arithmetic, he learns them from the steelyard weigher in the market.

Sitting in the bazaar for an hour, one will see strange sights. We can never get used to the ungainly camel. He thrusts his huge bulk into the narrow lane, and stretches his snake neck from side to side.

His dark driver sits high up in the dusk of the roof on the wooden saddle, and sways to and fro with the long stride of the beast.
Charles Dudley Warner
译文
开罗的集市

摩色是开罗最有名的一条街，这也是老城区里唯一游客不需要向导就能找到的街。这条街大约有一千米多长，宽度足够一辆四轮马车通过。

这条街的大部分地方都种着藤类植物或是棕榈树，阳光从枝叶间洒下来，令人感到清凉愉快。世界上再没有哪条街像摩色这样人种众多了。在这里你能听到各种各样的语言。

摩色街拥挤的时候，两边的集市也挤满了人。人们需要的货物总是隔得很远，如果有人想要采购两三样货物，他得花上一整天的时间。

有一个区域专门卖红色的拖鞋是的，只有红色拖鞋。许多小铺子上挂满了红色拖鞋。黄色的拖鞋在另一个区域出售，并且绝没有哪个商人同时出售这两种拖鞋。

摩色街上有丝绸集市、黄金集市、白银集市，还有黄铜、武器、棉花、香料和水果集市。

那么，集市到底是什么样子呢？其实不过是一条顶上搭着席子的小巷子，很多小店紧挨着排在两旁。这些店非常小，比纺织箱都大不了多少。通常人们会在露台和格子窗上挂一块记录着历史沿革的招牌。

一个商人穿着丝绸和亚麻制成的长袍，盘着腿坐在店铺边上，也许还抽着烟。他整天坐在那里，啜饮着咖啡，和朋友们侃侃而谈。到了祷告的时间，他就在大家面前铺开祷告毯，进行祷告。

街道另一边的小店里，三个男人盘腿而坐，利用印度围巾上拆下来的绒布片制作山羊绒披肩。

另一个街角里有一个公共水池，它的上空回荡着从学校传来的朗朗书声。那是一所男子学校，教师和学生都席地而坐。

每个学生前面都得放一块写着功课的木板，还得用最大的嗓门诵读，他得保证记住这些功课。学生们都前仰后合地读着这些木板。

二十个男孩一起大声叫喊的声音盖住了街上的其他动静。如果哪个男孩开了小差，或是停止了背诵，教师就会用教鞭提醒他，让他继续。

男孩们先是学习字母表，然后学习神的九十九种称呼。然后他们会一章接一章地学习《古兰经》。如果有男孩需要学习书写和算术，市场里用秤杆称重的人就可以教他。

在集市里坐上一个小时，你会看见许多奇妙的景象。笨拙的骆驼把它庞大的身躯强行塞进狭窄的小巷，蛇一样的脖子从这边伸到那边，摆个不停。这幅景象我们永远都没法适应。

黄昏，黑皮肤的赶驼人高高坐在木鞍上，骆驼每次大大地跨上一步，赶驼人就要来回摇摆一回。
（查尔斯达德利沃纳）

作者介绍

查尔斯达德利沃纳在马萨诸塞州和纽约州度过了少年时期，不过他人生的最后几年是在康涅狄格州度过的。沃纳先生把他的早年生活写在《做个男孩》一书中。这本书讲了一个非常轻松愉快的故事。该作者还写了许多关于旅行的有趣的书。本文选自《尼罗河的冬天》一书，并获得了该书出版商霍顿米夫林的授权。

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