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| 內容簡介： |
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本书深入中国情境，运用扎根理论质性研究方法，在理论上探讨了企业创新惰性的内涵、维度和影响因素。在此基础上，开发并验证了本土化的企业创新惰性量表，结合德尔菲法和基于PA算子的群体DEMATEL方法等对企业创新惰性的影响因素进行了提炼。将提炼得出的重要影响因素作为前因条件，应用模糊集定性比较分析方法（FSQCA），研究了政策环境、市场环境、企业家精神、组织惯性、企业能力和激励措施等前因条件共同作用于企业创新惰性水平的组态效应。最后针对理论和实证研究结果提出管理启示。本书适合相关领域研究者参阅，也可作为企业管理层和相关部门工作人员的阅读材料。
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| 關於作者： |
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李小红，女，1981年12月生，江西萍乡人。2006年毕业于重庆大学管理科学与工程专业，获硕士学位。2023年毕业于江西财经大学企业管理专业，获博士学位。2020年受国家留学基金委资助至英国拉夫堡大学做访问学者一年。从2006年起在南昌工程学院（现为江西水利电力大学）工商管理学院工作。2008年评聘为讲师，2013年评聘为副教授，主要从事企业管理与区域经济发展方面的研究。曾主持和参与完成国家自然科学基金、国家社会科学基金项目、江西省哲学社会科学基金项目、江西省教育科学规划课题等省级及以上科研项目30余项；获江西省哲学社会科学优秀成果奖三等奖2项。兼任江西省民营经济研究院智库专家。
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| 目錄：
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1 绪 论 ······················································································ 001 1.1 研究背景 ············································································ 001
1.1.1现实背景 ··································································· 001 1.1.2 理论背景 ··································································· 004
1.2 研究目的与意义 ··································································· 007 1.2.1 研究目的 ··································································· 007 1.2.2 研究意义 ··································································· 009
1.3 技术路线与章节安排 ······························································011 1.3.1 技术路线 ····································································011 1.3.2 章节安排 ··································································· 012
1.4 研究方法 ············································································ 014
1.5 创新点 ··············································································· 016
2 文献综述 ··················································································· 019 2.1 企业创新惰性构念的相关研究 ················································· 019
2.1.1 企业创新的相关研究 ···················································· 019 2.1.2 组织惯性的相关研究 ···················································· 022 2.1.3 企业创新惰性的相关研究 ·············································· 026
2.2 企业创新惰性的维度与测量研究 ·············································· 031 2.2.1 企业创新惰性的维度研究 ·············································· 031 2.2.2 企业创新惰性的测量研究 ·············································· 032
2.3 企业创新惰性的影响因素研究 ················································· 034
2.3.1 企业家精神对企业创新惰性的影响研究 ···························· 034
2.3.2 组织惯性对企业创新惰性的影响研究 ······························· 036
2.3.3 支持性政策对企业创新惰性的影响研究 ···························· 038
2.3.4 知识产权保护制度对企业创新惰性的影响研究 ··················· 039
2.3.5 企业能力和基本面对企业创新惰性的影响研究 ··················· 040
2.4 研究述评 ············································································ 041
3 企业创新惰性的理论构建研究 ························································ 043
3.1 研究设计 ············································································ 044
3.1.1 研究方法 ··································································· 044
3.1.2 研究程序 ··································································· 049
3.2 数据收集 ············································································ 051
3.2.1 数据来源 ··································································· 051
3.2.2 访谈抽样与样本量 ······················································· 052
3.2.3 访谈数据收集过程 ······················································· 053
3.2.4 数据收集小结 ····························································· 055
3.3 数据编码与饱和度检验 ·························································· 057
3.3.1 开放性编码 ································································ 058
3.3.2 主轴编码 ··································································· 063
3.3.3 选择性编码 ································································ 064
3.3.4 理论饱和度检验 ·························································· 067
3.3.5 编码结果信度检验 ······················································· 067
3.4 企业创新惰性内涵及维度的理论分析 ········································ 068
3.4.1 企业创新惰性的内涵 ···················································· 068
3.4.2 企业创新惰性的维度 ···················································· 071
3.4.3 企业创新惰性概念的讨论 ·············································· 073
3.5 企业创新惰性形成的理论分析 ················································· 074
3.5.1 外部因素 ··································································· 074
3.5.2 内部因素 ··································································· 079
3.6 本章小结 ············································································ 084
4 企业创新惰性量表的开发与检验研究 ··············································· 086
4.1 问题的提出 ········································································· 087
4.2 量表开发程序 ······································································ 089
4.3 预试量表的编制与数据收集 ···················································· 090
4.3.1 备选测量题项的生成 ·······················································090
4.3.2 预试量表的编制 ·····························································091
4.3.3 预试量表的数据收集 ·······················································093
4.4 探索性因子分析与信度检验 ·······················································096
4.4.1 信度分析 ·····································································096
4.4.2 探索性因子分析 ·····························································097
4.5 验证性因子分析与有效性检验 ····················································101
4.5.1 验证性因子分析 ·····························································101
4.5.2 有效性检验 ···································································106
4.6 本章小结 ···············································································109
5 创新惰性前因的提炼研究 ·······························································111
5.1 问题提出 ················································································112
5.2 研究设计 ················································································113
5.2.1 研究方法介绍 ·································································113
5.2.2 研究步骤 ·······································································114
5.2.3 因素体系 ·······································································116
5.3 决策过程 ·············································································118
5.3.1 数据收集 ····································································118
5.3.2 计算过程 ···································································120
5.4 决策结果分析 ······································································120
5.4.1 影响度和被影响度分析 ·················································120
5.4.2 中心度和原因度分析 ····················································125
5.4.3 因果关系四象限图 ·······················································125
5.4.4 关键因素识别 ·····························································127
5.5 本章小结 ············································································128
6 企业创新惰性的组态路径研究 ························································132
6.1 理论分析和研究框架 ·····························································132
6.1.1 理论分析 ···································································132
6.1.2 研究框架 ···································································134
6.2 研究设计 ············································································136
6.2.1 研究方法选择 ·····························································136
6.2.2 数据收集 ··································································· 137
6.2.3 变量测量 ··································································· 137
6.2.4 信效度检验与描述性统计 ·············································· 141
6.2.5 变量校准 ··································································· 143
6.3 组态结果分析 ······································································ 143
6.3.1 必要性分析 ································································ 143
6.3.2 组态结果 ··································································· 144
6.3.3 高水平企业创新惰性的组态路径分析 ······························· 146
6.3.4 低水平企业创新惰性的组态路径分析 ······························· 149
6.3.5 稳健性检验 ································································ 152
6.4 本章小结 ············································································ 152
7 研究总结与管理启示 ···································································· 154
7.1 研究总结 ············································································ 154
7.1.1 企业创新惰性的内涵 ···················································· 155
7.1.2 企业创新惰性的维度和测量量表 ····································· 156
7.1.3 企业创新惰性的影响因素 ·············································· 156
7.1.4 企业创新惰性的前因组态效应 ········································ 159
7.2 管理启示 ············································································ 161
7.2.1 着力培育企业家精神 ···················································· 162
7.2.2 重视政策和市场的联合导向 ··········································· 164
7.2.3 强化企业能力建设 ······················································· 165
7.3 研究局限与未来展望 ····························································· 166
7.3.1 研究局限 ··································································· 166
7.3.2 未来展望 ··································································· 167
参考资料 ························································································ 169
附 录 ··························································································· 187
附录A 企业创新惰性深度访谈提纲 ··············································· 187
附录B 企业创新惰性预试量表调查问卷一 ······································ 188
附录C 企业创新惰性预试量表调查问卷二 ······································ 190
致 谢 ··························································································· 193
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| 內容試閱：
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创新驱动是实现高质量发展目标的必由之路。中国在创新实践上已经取得举世瞩目的成就，成功迈入创新型国家行列。然而，有些企业在创新上依然存在“惰性”现象。根据中国企业家调查系统发布的权威专题调查数据，2022年中国企业的创新动向指数、创新环境、创新潜力、创新投入和创新效果等指标的评价值均低于上一年的评价值，且回落至略低于2015年的评价值。这说明，在当前全球经济衰退、世界格局加快演变、技术和资源约束日益凸显的背景下，中国企业总体上表现出更明显的创新惰性。在此背景下，探索企业创新惰性的影响因素及其作用效应，对推动企业抑制创新惰性，实现持续创新具有重要的现实意义。当前，关于企业创新惰性的研究还处于初期阶段。虽有部分文献针对企业创新惰性的概念和前因问题展开了一定的探讨，并得到了有价值的研究成果，但是，国内现有文献对企业创新惰性的定义，存在本土的惰性观和西方的惯性观两种解释，还没有达成共识，针对企业创新惰性前因问题的研究，还没有从组态的视角，探索多层面多个前因条件对企业创新惰性联合产生影响的组态效应。鉴于此，本书围绕企业创新惰性的内涵、影响因素及组态效应展开分析，为解释有关现象提供具有现实基础的理论依据，为完善企业创新惰性的有关理论做出一定的贡献。
本书首先采用适合进行理论构建的扎根理论研究方法，以一手的深度访谈资料和二手的文献资料为依据，基于中国情境探索企业创新惰性的内涵及影响因素。结合中国本土的惰性观解释和西方管理理论的惯性观解释，顺应高质量发展的时代背景，解析得到企业创新惰性的内涵主要表现：企业习惯沿用现有模式、缺乏积极进取的创新意愿、不愿意承担创新风险、不愿意积极推进创新活动、偏好在熟悉领域开展低端化的创新、对外部创新活动反应迟缓等。据此内涵，本书从本土化的企业创新惰性不求进取、谨慎求稳和反应迟缓3 个维度，将企业创新惰性定义为“企业习惯沿用现有模式而不愿意积极推进创新，偏好在熟悉领域开展低端化创新，对外部创新活动反应迟缓的心理和行为特性”。这一定义指广义的创新惰性，而不是技术创新惰性。根据扎根理论编码结果，结合文献对比分析，本研究勾勒得到企业创新惰性影响因素的初步理论，将影响因素归类为企业外部条件和企业内部条件两个主范畴。纳入企业外部条件的因素有政策环境、市场环境、人文环境等次范畴，纳入企业内部条件的因素有企业基本面、企业能力、企业家精神、激励措施、组织惯性、创新预期、企业家能力和背景等次范畴。理论上，各条件因素不是单独对企业创新惰性产生影响，而是互为因果关系，共同对企业创新惰性产生影响。
其次，本书遵循规范的心理测量量表开发程序，开发并检验出适配中国情境的企业创新惰性量表。通过基于问卷数据的探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析， 经信效度检验，本书明确正式的企业创新惰性测量量表包含上述3 个维度和13 个测量题项。这3 个维度分别是不求进取、谨慎求稳和反应迟缓。不求进取维度指企业习惯沿用现有模式而不愿意积极推进创新的心理和行为特性。谨慎求稳维度指企业偏好在熟悉领域开展低端化创新的心理和行为特性。反应迟缓维度指企业对外部创新活动反应迟缓，即企业不注意及时观察和参与外部创新活动的心理和行为特性。
然后，引入基于PA 算子的决策实验与评价实验室法（基于PA 算子的群体DEMATEL 方法），结合德尔菲法对所得到的企业创新惰性影响因素体系进行筛选和提炼。基于DEMATEL 方法的基本原理，按照原因度和中心度综合判定原则，识别得到了18 个在企业创新惰性影响因素体系中起重要作用的关键因素， 分别是税收和补贴等激励政策、金融发展水平、环境规制力度、知识产权保护力度、技术动态性、市场需求前景、需求变动性、创新投入能力、创新推广能力、机会识别能力、资源刚性、路径依赖、程序刚性、学习培训、领导支持、激励制度、创新意识、冒险意识，其中最重要的3 个因素是创新投入能力、创新意识和冒险意识。依据扎根理论的编码结果，这18 个关键因素对应政策环境、市场环境、企业家精神、组织惯性、企业能力和激励措施这6 个条件因素。
最后，本书以这6 个条件因素为前因条件，选用适合解释复杂因果关系的模糊集定性比较分析法（FSQCA 方法），从组态的视角研究了这6 个前因条件对企业创新惰性的联合组态效应。问卷数据的组态研究结果表明，各前因条件均不是单独导致企业创新惰性的必要条件，其对企业创新惰性的影响具有多重并发和殊途同归的特点；在导致高水平的企业创新惰性的组态路径中，组织惯性是导致企业创新惰性的主要核心条件，缺乏政策环境、缺乏市场环境、缺乏企业家精神、缺乏激励措施和缺乏企业能力，会导致企业出现高水平的创新惰性；在导致非高水平的企业创新惰性的组态路径中，市场环境和企业家精神是主要的核心条件，政策导向、企业能力和激励措施是主要的边缘条件，组织惯性的缺失有助于企业实现低水平的创新惰性。研究结果表明，在宏观层面上，企业可以采取多管齐下的措施，着力培育企业家精神，重视政策和环境的联合作用，帮助企业加强能力建设等，助推企业降低创新惰性或抑制创新惰性的滋长，进而推动企业实现持续创新；在微观层面上，企业决策者可以通过建立激励制度、加强学习培训、提高领导支持、加强企业能力建设等举措，推动企业降低创新惰性。
本书的主要创新之处具体如下：第一，在解析企业创新惰性内涵的基础上，开发了适用于中国情境的企业创新惰性三维度量表，该量表可以弥补现有文献缺乏科学合理且结构清晰的本土化企业创新惰性量表工具的不足；第二，结合扎根理论、基于PA算子的群体DEMATEL方法和德尔菲法等，对企业创新惰性的影响因素进行探索和提炼，识别了在影响因素体系中起重要作用的关键因素，为深入讨论企业创新惰性的前因机制做了重要铺垫；第三，本书首次从组态视角，考察了环境层面和组织层面多个前因条件对企业创新惰性的作用效应，即研究了政策环境、市场环境、企业家精神、组织惯性、企业能力和激励措施这6个前因条件对企业创新惰性的组态效应，这对完善企业创新惰性的有关理论具有启示意义。
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